The IT4IT Reference Architecture, Version 2.1

The Open Group works with customers and suppliers of technology products and services, and with consortia and other standards organizations to capture, clarify, and integrate current and emerging requirements, establish standards and policies, and share best practices. Our standards ensure openness, interoperability, and consensus.

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The Open Group

The IT4IT Reference Architecture, Version 2.1

Name: The IT4IT Reference Architecture, Version 2.1
Author: The Open Group

Paperback Engels 2017 2e druk 9789401801126

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The Open Group IT4IT™ Reference Architecture, Version 2.1, an Open Group Standard, provides a vendor-neutral, technology-agnostic, and industry-agnostic reference architecture for managing the business of IT.

The Open Group IT4IT Reference Architecture standard comprises a reference architecture and a value chain-based operating model.
The IT Value Chain has four value streams supported by a reference architecture to drive efficiency and agility. The four value streams are:
- Strategy to Portfolio
- Request to Fulfill
- Requirement to Deploy
- Detect to Correct

Each IT Value Stream is centered on a key aspect of the service model, the essential data objects (information model), and functional components (functional model) that support it. Together, the four value streams play a vital role in helping IT control the service model as it advances through its lifecycle.
The IT4IT Reference Architecture:
- Provides prescriptive guidance on the specification of and interaction with a consistent service model backbone (common data model/context)
- Supports real-world use-cases driven by the Digital Economy (e.g., Cloud-sourcing, Agile, DevOps, and service brokering)
- Embraces and complements existing process frameworks and methodologies (e.g., ITIL, CoBIT, SAFe, and TOGAF) by taking a data-focused implementation model perspective, essentially specifying an information model across the entire value chain

The audience for this standard is:
- IT Professionals who are responsible for delivering services in a way that is
flexible, traceable, and cost-effective
- IT Professionals / Practitioners who are focused on instrumenting the IT
management landscape
- IT Leaders who are concerned about their operating model
- Enterprise Architects who are responsible for IT business transformation

Topics covered include:
- An introduction to the standard and the purpose of the IT4IT work
- Key terminology of the standard
- An introduction for executives and others introducing the IT Value Chain and IT4IT Reference Architecture concepts
- IT4IT Core, which defines the structure of the IT4IT standard as well as the process and document structure used by the IT4IT standard
- The Strategy to Portfolio (S2P) Value Stream
- The Requirement to Deploy (R2D) Value Stream
- The Request to Fulfill (R2F) Value Stream
- The Detect to Correct (D2C) Value Stream
- Background information on the standard.

Specificaties

ISBN13:9789401801126

Trefwoorden:IT Service Management, IT4IT certificering

Taal:Engels

Bindwijze:paperback

Uitgever:Van Haren Publishing B.V.

Druk:2

Verschijningsdatum:28-4-2017

Hoofdrubriek:IT-management / ICT

ISSN:

Serie:The open group series

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Inhoudsopgave

1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Objective ................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Overview ................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Conformance ............................................................................................................. 1
1.4 Normative References ............................................................................................... 1
1.5 Terminology ............................................................................................................. 1
1.6 Future Directions ...................................................................................................... 2

2 Definitions ........................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Service Lifecycle Data Object .................................................................................. 3
2.2 IT Value Chain.......................................................................................................... 3
2.3 Value Chain .............................................................................................................. 3
2.4 Value Stream............................................................................................................. 4
2.5 Functional Component .............................................................................................. 4
2.6 Service Model Backbone Data Object ...................................................................... 4
2.7 Relationship .............................................................................................................. 4
2.8 System of Record ...................................................................................................... 4
2.9 IT Service .................................................................................................................. 5

3 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 6
3.1 What is the IT Value Chain? ..................................................................................... 6
3.2 IT Value Chain and IT4IT Reference Architecture .................................................. 8
3.3 IT Value Streams .................................................................................................... 10
3.3.1 Strategy to Portfolio ................................................................................ 10
3.3.2 Requirement to Deploy ........................................................................... 12
3.3.3 Request to Fulfill ..................................................................................... 13
3.3.4 Detect to Correct ..................................................................................... 14
3.4 IT4IT Reference Architecture ................................................................................. 15
3.4.1 Service Model.......................................................................................... 16
3.4.2 Information Model .................................................................................. 17
3.4.3 Functional Model .................................................................................... 19
3.4.4 Integration Model .................................................................................... 21
3.5 IT Service ................................................................................................................ 23

4 IT4IT Core ........................................................................................................................ 25
4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 25
4.2 IT4IT Abstraction Levels and Class Structure ........................................................ 25
4.2.1 IT4IT Abstractions .................................................................................. 25
4.2.2 Concepts at Level 1: End-to-End Overview ............................................ 26
4.2.3 Level 1 Reference Architecture Model ................................................... 31
4.2.4 Concepts at Level 2: Value Stream Documentation ................................ 32
4.2.5 Level 2 Reference Architecture Diagram (Example) .............................. 38
4.2.6 Concepts at Level 3: Vendor-Independent Architecture ......................... 39
4.2.7 Level 3 Reference Architecture Diagram (Example) .............................. 44
4.2.8 Concepts at Levels 4 and 5 – Vendor Extensions ................................... 45
Copyright protected. Use is for Single Users only via a VHP Approved License.

5 Strategy to Portfolio (S2P) Value Stream ......................................................................... 47
5.1 Objectives ............................................................................................................... 47
5.2 Business Value Proposition .................................................................................... 48
5.3 Key Performance Indicators ................................................................................... 48
5.4 Value Stream Definition ......................................................................................... 49
5.4.1 Enterprise Architecture Functional Component ...................................... 50
5.4.2 Policy Functional Component ................................................................. 51
5.4.3 Proposal Functional Component ............................................................. 53
5.4.4 Portfolio Demand Functional Component ............................................... 56
5.4.5 Service Portfolio Functional Component ................................................ 58
5.4.6 IT Investment Portfolio – Auxiliary Functional Component .................. 61

6 Requirement to Deploy (R2D) Value Stream ................................................................... 63
6.1 Objectives ............................................................................................................... 63
6.2 Business Value Proposition .................................................................................... 64
6.3 Key Performance Indicators ................................................................................... 65
6.4 Value Stream Definition ......................................................................................... 66
6.4.1 Project Functional Component ................................................................ 67
6.4.2 Requirement Functional Component ....................................................... 70
6.4.3 Service Design Functional Component ................................................... 73
6.4.4 Source Control Functional Component ................................................... 77
6.4.5 Build Functional Component .................................................................. 79
6.4.6 Build Package Functional Component .................................................... 81
6.4.7 Release Composition Functional Component ......................................... 82
6.4.8 Test Functional Component .................................................................... 86
6.4.9 Defect Functional Component ................................................................. 89

7 Request to Fulfill (R2F) Value Stream ............................................................................. 92
7.1 Objectives ............................................................................................................... 92
7.2 Business Value Proposition .................................................................................... 93
7.3 Key Performance Indicators ................................................................................... 94
7.4 Value Stream Definition ......................................................................................... 95
7.4.1 Engagement Experience Portal (Secondary Functional Component) ............................................................................................. 96
7.4.2 Offer Consumption Functional Component ............................................ 99
7.4.3 Offer Management Functional Component ........................................... 100
7.4.4 Catalog Composition Functional Component ....................................... 103
7.4.5 Request Rationalization Functional Component ................................... 105
7.4.6 Fulfillment Execution Functional Component ...................................... 108
7.4.7 Usage Functional Component ............................................................... 111
7.4.8 Chargeback/Showback Functional Component .................................... 113
7.4.9 Knowledge & Collaboration Supporting Function ................................ 115

8 Detect to Correct (D2C) Value Stream ........................................................................... 119
8.1 Objectives ............................................................................................................. 119
8.2 Business Value Proposition .................................................................................. 120
8.3 Key Performance Indicators ................................................................................. 121
8.4 Value Stream Definition ....................................................................................... 122
8.4.1 Service Monitoring Functional Component .......................................... 124
8.4.2 Event Functional Component ................................................................ 126
8.4.3 Incident Functional Component ............................................................ 128
8.4.4 Problem Functional Component ............................................................ 131
8.4.5 Change Control Functional Component ................................................ 133
8.4.6 Configuration Management Functional Component ............................. 137
8.4.7 Diagnostics & Remediation Functional Component ............................. 139
8.4.8 Service Level Functional Component ................................................... 141
8.4.9 Other IT Operations Areas .................................................................... 144

A Rationale (Informative) ................................................................................................... 145
A.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 145
A.2 Definitions ............................................................................................................ 145
A.3 Overview ............................................................................................................... 145
A.3.1 Business Drivers for an Improved IT Operating Model ........................ 146
A.3.2 The IT Value Chain ............................................................................... 147
A.4 IT4IT Core ............................................................................................................ 148
A.4.1 Value Streams........................................................................................ 149
A.4.2 Functional Components ......................................................................... 149
A.5 Strategy to Portfolio Value Stream ....................................................................... 149
A.5.1 Related Standards, Frameworks, and Guidance .................................... 149
A.6 Requirement to Deploy Value Stream .................................................................. 150
A.6.1 Related Standards, Frameworks, and Guidance .................................... 150
A.7 Request to Fulfill Value Stream ............................................................................ 151
A.7.1 Related Standards, Frameworks, and Guidance .................................... 151
A.8 Detect to Correct Value Stream ............................................................................ 152
A.8.1 Related Standards, Frameworks, and Guidance .................................... 152

Figure 1: Documentation Structure of the IT4IT Reference Architecture........................ xi
Figure 2: IT Value Chain ................................................................................................... 7
Figure 3: IT Value Streams and Service Models ............................................................... 9
Figure 4: Value Stream Overview ................................................................................... 10
Figure 5: Strategy to Portfolio Activities ......................................................................... 11
Figure 6: Requirement to Deploy Activities .................................................................... 13
Figure 7: Request to Fulfill Activities ............................................................................. 14
Figure 8: Detect to Correct Activities .............................................................................. 15
Figure 9: IT4IT Service Model ........................................................................................ 17
Figure 10: Data Objects and Relationships ..................................................................... 19
Figure 11: Engagement Experience Portal Functional Component ................................ 21
Figure 12: Data Flows in the IT4IT Reference Architecture ........................................... 21
Figure 13: Engagement and Insight Information Flow .................................................... 22
Figure 14: IT Service ....................................................................................................... 23
Figure 15: IT4IT Reference Architecture Levels ............................................................ 25
Figure 16: Level 1 Class Model ....................................................................................... 26
Figure 17: Functional Component Notation .................................................................... 28
Figure 18: Functional Component to Data Object Notation ............................................ 28
Figure 19: Functional Components and Data Objects ..................................................... 29
Figure 20: Service Lifecycle Data Object Notation ........................................................ 30
Figure 21: System of Record Fabric ................................................................................ 31
Figure 22: Relationships Notation ................................................................................... 31
Figure 23: IT4IT Level 1 Reference Architecture Model................................................ 32
Figure 24: Level 2 Class Model ....................................................................................... 33
Figure 25: Data Flow Notation ........................................................................................ 34
Figure 26: Data Object State Model Dependency Illustration ......................................... 35
Figure 27: System of Engagement Integration Illustration .............................................. 36
Figure 28: System of Record and Engagement Integration Notation .............................. 36
Figure 29: Capability Discipline Informal Notation ........................................................ 37
Figure 30: Capability Discipline Formal Notation .......................................................... 38
Figure 31: Example Level 2 Diagram (R2F Value Stream) ............................................ 39
Figure 32: Level 3 Class Model ....................................................................................... 40
Figure 33: Scenario Process Flow Example .................................................................... 41
Figure 34: Essential Service Diagram Example .............................................................. 41
Figure 35: Essential Attributes Example ......................................................................... 43
Figure 36: Essential Attributes Notation ......................................................................... 43
Figure 37: Example of Functional Components, Data Objects, and Essential Services . 44
Figure 38: Level 3 Notation Guide .................................................................................. 45
Figure 39: Strategy to Portfolio Level 2 Value Stream Diagram .................................... 50
Figure 40: Enterprise Architecture Functional Component Level 2 Model .................... 51
Figure 41: Policy Functional Component Level 2 Model ............................................... 53
Figure 42: Proposal Functional Component Level 2 Model ........................................... 56
Figure 43: Portfolio Demand Functional Component Level 2 Model ............................. 58
Figure 44: Service Portfolio Functional Component Level 2 Model .............................. 61
Figure 45: IT Investment Portfolio – Auxiliary Functional Component Level 2 Model 62
Figure 46: Requirement to Deploy Level 2 Value Stream Diagram ............................... 67
Figure 47: Project Functional Component Level 2 Model .............................................. 70
Figure 48: Requirement Functional Component Level 2 Model ..................................... 73
Figure 49: Service Design Functional Component Level 2 Model ................................. 76
Figure 50: Source Control Functional Component Level 2 Model ................................. 79
Figure 51: Build Functional Component Level 2 Model ................................................. 81
Figure 52: Build Package Functional Component Level 2 Model .................................. 82
Figure 53: Release Composition Functional Component Level 2 Model ....................... 86
Figure 54: Test Functional Component Level 2 Model ................................................... 89
Figure 55: Defect Functional Component Level 2 Model ............................................... 91
Figure 56: Request to Fulfill Level 2 Value Stream Diagram ......................................... 96
Figure 57: Engagement Experience Portal Level 2 Model .............................................. 98
Figure 58: Offer Consumption Functional Component Level 2 Model ........................ 100
Figure 59: Offer Management Functional Component Level 2 Model ......................... 103
Figure 60: Catalog Composition Functional Component Level 2 Model ..................... 104
Figure 61: Request Rationalization Functional Component Level 2 Model ................. 107
Figure 62: Fulfillment Execution Functional Component Level 2 Model .................... 111
Figure 63: Usage Functional Component Level 2 Model ............................................. 113
Figure 64: Chargeback/Showback Functional Component Level 2 Model ................... 115
Figure 65: Knowledge & Collaboration Supporting Function Level 2 Model .............. 118
Figure 66: Detect to Correct Level 2 Value Stream Diagram ....................................... 123
Figure 67: Service Monitoring Functional Component Level 2 Model ........................ 126
Figure 68: Event Functional Component Level 2 Model .............................................. 128
Figure 69: Incident Functional Component Level 2 Model .......................................... 131
Figure 70: Problem Functional Component Level 2 Model .......................................... 133
Figure 71: Change Control Functional Component Level 2 Model .............................. 137
Figure 72: Configuration Management Functional Component Level 2 Model ........... 139
Figure 73: Diagnostics & Remediation Functional Component Level 2 Model ........... 141
Figure 74: Service Level Functional Component Level 2 Model ................................. 144

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